ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD

Faculty of Social Sciences

(Department of Pakistan Studies)

WARNING

1. PLAGIARISM OR HIRING OF GHOST WRITER(S) FOR SOLVING THE ASSIGNMENT(S) WILL DEBAR THE STUDENT FROM AWARD OF DEGREE/CERTIFICATE, IF FOUND AT ANY STAGE.
2. SUBMITTING ASSIGNMENTS BORROWED OR STOLEN FROM OTHER(S) AS ONE’S OWN WILL BE PENALIZED AS DEFINED IN “AIOU PLAGIARISM POLICY”.

Course: Foreign Policy of Pakistan-I (4661/8666/9354) Semester: Spring, 2025

Level: M Sc/B. Ed (4 Years)/BS Pakistan Studies

Please read the following instructions for writing your assignments. (AD, BS, BEd, MA/MSc, MEd) (ODL Mode).

1. All questions are compulsory and carry equal marks but within a question the marks are distributed according to its requirements.

2. Read the question carefully and then answer it according to the requirements of the questions.

3. Avoid irrelevant discussion/information and reproducing from books, study guide or allied material.

4. Handwritten scanned assignments are not acceptable.

5. Upload your typed (in Word or PDF format) assignments on or before the due date.

6. Your own analysis and synthesis will be appreciated.

7. Late assignments can’t be uploaded at LMS.

8. The students who attempt their assignments in Urdu/Arabic may upload a scanned copy of their handwritten assignments (in PDF format) on University LMS. The size of the file should not exceed 5MB.

Total Marks: 100 Pass Marks: 50

ASSIGNMENT No. 1

(Units: 1–4)

Q.1 Critically analyze the role of public opinion as a determinant of foreign policy with special reference to Pakistan. (20)

Q.2 Discuss technology as a determining factor of foreign policy. Also explain how technology has boosted the foreign policy of different countries. (20)

Q.3 Discuss the circumstances under which the USSR invited Pakistan for a visit to the Moscow and why that visit could not materialize? (20)

Q.4 Critically analyze SEATO and its benefits for Pakistan. (20)

Q.5 Discuss Pakistan’s role in the Suez Canal crisis of 1956. Why Egypt had been critical of Pakistan’s positive role in that crisis? (20)

Total Marks: 100 Pass Marks: 50

ASSIGNMENT No. 2

(Units: 5–9)

Q.1 It is generally said that we lost Bengal in 1971 war and lost Kashmir on the table in 1972 in Simla agreement. Elaborate Simla agreement in the context of losing Kashmir on the table? (20)

Q.2 How had Soviet occupation of Afghanistan changed the strategic realities of the region in 1979. Explain with facts. (20)

Q.3 Discuss in detail China Pakistan relations from 1950 to 1963. (20)

Q.4 What is Sir Creek issue? How had this issue been affecting India Pakistan relations? (20)

Q.5 Critically analyze the issue of Durand Line between Afghanistan and Pakistan. How has this issue marred the relations between the two neighbours? Elaborate. (20)

1. Introduction to the course

Pakistan foreign policy, like that of any of other small and developing state, is geared up towards achieving goals of national security, economic development and peace at regional and global levels. In pursuit of these goals, Pakistani leadership, since 1947, has followed a number of strategies–ranging from alignment in the 1950s, bilateralism in the 1960s to non-alignment in the 1980s. The adoption of these strategies by various regimes has led Pakistan to behave in the international arena in a very distinctive ways. Additionally, these strategies have produced different kinds of risks and benefits for the Pakistani Policy at a given time and the society at large.

The objective of this course is to discuss and analyse the major themes and events in Pakistan’s foreign policy since, 1947 keeping in view the set goals of Pakistan’s foreign policy. This course deals with Pakistan’s relations with great powers like former Soviet Union, the United States of America. It further discuses dynamics of Pakistan’s relations with the Muslim world, third world countries and Pakistan’s role in international and regional organizations.

2. Structure of the course

• The course has been structured to make it as easy as possible for you to do the required work. This is a 3 Credit Hour course, consisting of Nine Units. Ideally on unit is 12-16 hours work for the students. As the length of the units is unequal therefore, you have to calculate how much time you are required to spend on each unit. We expect you to finish the work within the allocated time.

• For this course Fortnightly Tutorials are arranged in the University’s Study Centers. They provide you a facility to meet with your fellow students for mutual help and individual discussion with your Course Guide/Tutor. These Tutorials meetings are not formal lectures given in any formal University, rather these are meant for group and individual discussion with the Course Guide/Tutor to facilitate you to undertake part of your learning together. So before going to attend a Tutorial, prepare yourself to discuss course material with your colleagues and Course Guide/Tutor.

• For this course you have to attempt two assignments. After completing the study of first 4 units, Assignment No. 1 is due and the second Assignment is due after completing next 5 units.

3. Assessment

For each course the registered student will be assessed as the following:

1. Assignments (continuous assessment):

• Assignment are those written exercises which you are required to complete at your own home or place of work after having studied different parts of the Prescribed Readings given in the Reader. As this is a 3 Credit Hour course hence, you will receive Two Assignments which, we expect you to complete within the prescribed period. (See Assignment Schedule)

• This is a compulsory coursework and its successful completion will make you eligible to appear in the Final examination at the end of semester.

• To complete your coursework successfully, you are provided with tutorial support, so that you can discuss your academic problems with your course-mates and the Tutor.

• After completing the assignments, you send them to your appointed Tutor, whose name is already notified to you. Your Tutor will return you these assignments after marking and providing you academic guidance and supervision.

To qualify each Assignment, you have to obtain minimum 40% marks.

1. Final Examination (a three hour written examination will take place at the end of the semester).

It is essential for the students to qualify in both components i.e. Assignments and Final Examination with:

1. A minimum of 40% in assignments
2. A minimum of 40% in Final Examination
3. An aggregate of 40% in both components i.e. Assignments and the Final Examination

iv. Without passing Assignments students do not qualify to appear in the Final Examination

c. Workshops

• The workshop of post-graduate courses will be held at the end of each semester at the Regional Campuses.

• It is mandatory to attend the workshop. The student is not declared pass until he/she has attended the workshop satisfactory.

• The duration of workshop for each 3 Credit Hour course is three days.

Block-1

Determinants of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy

Unit-One

Fixed and Variable Determinants

Reading 1 James N. Rosenau

Reading 2 Z. A. Bhutto

Unit-Two

Domestic Sources and International Context

Reading 3 K. Sarwar Hassan

Reading 4 Aslam Siduqi

Reading 5 Tahir Amin and Muhammad Islam

Block-2

Evolution of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy

Unit Three

First Phase (1947-1953)

Reading 1 S. M. Burke

Reading 2 K. Sarwar Hassan

Unit Four

Second Phase (1954-1962)

Reading 3 Z. A. Bhutto

Reading 4 S.M. Burke

Third Phase (1963-1971)

Reading 5 S.M. Burke

Unit Five

Fourth Phase (1972-1977)

Reading 6 Z.A. Bhutto

Reading 7 Lawrence Ziring

Fifth Phase (1978-1989)

Reading 8 K. Arif

Block-3 & 4

Pakistan and her Neighbours: India, Afghanistan and China

Unit Six

Pakistan’s Relations with India: Dynamics of Relation

Reading 1 Z.A. Bhutto

Reading 2 S.M. Burke

Unit Seven

Survey of Issues in India Pakistan Relations

Reading 3 G.W. Choudhry

Indo-Pakistan Relations in the 1980s

Reading 4 Mujtaba Rizvi

Unit Eight

Pakistan’s Relations with Afghanistan: History of Relations

Reading 5 Mujtaba Rizvi

Reading 6 S.M. Burke

Reading 7 Rifat Ayesha

Pak-Afghan Relations after Soviet Military Intervention in Afghanistan

Reading 8 W. Howrd Wriggins

Reading 9 A. R. Sidiqi

Unit Nine

Sino-Pakistan Relations before 1960

Reading 10 S.M. Burke

Reading 11 G.W Choudhry

Sino-Pakistan Relations after 1960

Reading 12 G.W. Choudhry

Sino-Pak-US Axis

Reading 13 G.W. Choudhry

Reading 14 G.W. Choudhry

Pak-China Economic Relations

Reading 15 K. Arif