AIOU Course Code 8615-1 solved Assignments Spring 2022
Course: Management Strategies in Educational Institutions (8615)
Level: B.Ed (1.5 Year) Semester: Spring, 2022
Assignment No.1
Q.1 What do you mean by educational management? Elaborate its need and models of management in education.
Ans :
Educational Management is a field which is concerned with the operation of educational organizations. It is the process of planning, organizing and directing activities in a school, effectively utilizing human and material resources, in order to accomplish the school’s objectives.
The main aim of this course is to familiarize teachers with matters of effective Educational Management, i.e. to make school leaders capable of creating an effective learning environment by adjusting teaching to students’ individual, cognitive and emotional needs. It leads to a Level 7 EQC Certificate, accompanied by a Europass Certicicate Supplement with 10 transferable ECVET points
Leadership has a vital role to play in creating the conditions for success at all levels of education and training systems. School leaders are major players in forging effective links between different levels of education and training, families, the world of work and the local community, with a common aim of raising learner attainment.
Educational Management is a field which is concerned with the operation of educational organizations. It is the process of planning, organizing and directing activities in a school, effectively utilizing human and material resources, in order to accomplish the school’s objectives. It is not a field limited to school principals. All parties involved in education should gain insight in Educational Management as it is vital to help schools function successfully and effectively realize their goals.
Methodology
The main aspect of the course is to promote collaboration between participants. Lessons will be held in our centre’s classrooms and computer lab, as well as outside. Our approach is to base the learning process on practical rather than theoretical knowledge. The course is designed on active learning methods and, at the end of the course, teach participant should be able to use the taught techniques effectively.
Preparation
Every participant will have to fill a questionnaire which helps the trainers to customize the course to better fit their needs.
Attendants will get instructions and material which will help them to be prepared for the courses needs.Structural, systems, bureaucratic, rational and hierarchical models constitute the formal models of educational management (Bush, 2011, p. 40-42). These models assume that the structure of the organizations is hierarchical and predefined objectives are pursued based on a rational method. Educational management helps is the achievement institution’s objectives i.e. it. ensures school and college effectiveness. • It improves planning, organizing and implementing and institution’s activities and. process.
Q.2 Discuss different theories of management help workers at organization level.
Ans :
What are management theories?
Management theories are a collection of ideas that recommend general rules for how to manage an organization or business. They address how supervisors implement strategies to accomplish organizational goals and how they motivate employees to perform at their highest ability.
Typically, leaders apply concepts from different management theories that best suit their employees and company culture. Although many management theories were created centuries ago, they still provide beneficial frameworks for leading teams in the workplace and running businesses today.
Types of management theories
Here are seven important management theories to be aware of:
- Scientific management theory
Frederick Taylor, who was one of the first to study work performance scientifically, took a scientific approach to management in the last 1800s. Taylor’s principles recommended that the scientific method should be used to perform tasks in the workplace, as opposed to the leader relying on their judgment or the personal discretion of team members.
Taylor recommended simplifying tasks to increase productivity. He suggested leaders assign team members to jobs that best match their abilities, train them thoroughly and supervise them to ensure they remain efficient in the role.
While his focus on achieving maximum workplace efficiency by finding the optimal way to complete a task was useful, it ignored the humanity of the individual. This theory is not practiced much today in its purest form, but it demonstrated to leaders the importance of workplace efficiency, the value of making sure team members received ample training and the need for teamwork and cooperation between supervisors and employees.
Related: What Is a Micromanager? Definition and Signs
- Principles of administrative management theory
Henri Fayol, a senior executive and mining engineer, developed this theory in the 19th century when he examined an organization through the perspective of the managers and situations they might encounter.
Fayol believed leaders had five main functions—to forecast, plan, coordinate, command and control—and he developed principles that outlined how leaders should organize and interact with their teams. He suggested that the principles should not be rigid but that it should be left up to the manager to determine how they use them to manage efficiently and effectively. The principles he outlined were:
Initiative: This refers to the level of freedom employees should have to carry out their responsibilities without being forced or ordered.
Equity: This principle implies everyone in the organization should be treated equally and that it should be an environment of kindness.
Scalar chain: This principle says there should be a chain of supervisors from the top level of management to the lower level and that communication generally flows from top to bottom. He emphasized there is no hard rule regarding the communication process through the chain of command.
Remuneration of personnel: This principle refers to the assertion that there should be both monetary and non-
Q.5 What are the different types of process and benefits of reviewing and reporting?
Ans ;
In this section, you should make a brief summary of what the paper is about and what the main findings are.
Begin with any positive feedback you have – if you start off on a positive note, authors will be more likely to read your review. However, if you are recommending that the paper be rejected, just be careful not to overwhelm the author with negative feedback.
Try to put the findings of the paper into the context of the existing literature and current knowledge. What is the significance of the work? Is it novel, or does it confirm existing theories or
findings?
Give an indication of the main strengths of the work, its quality, and how complete it is.
Outline any major flaws you come across and make a note of any special considerations. For example, have any previously held theories been overlooked?
